Legal aspects of the EU policy on irregular immigration
....eu/assets/Publications/Risk_Analysis/Annual_Risk_Analysis_2015.pdf (accessed 09.06.2015).
2. Communication from the Commission on Policy priorities in the fight against illegal immigration of third-country nationals, Brussels, 19.7.2006, 2006, COM, no. 402 final, available: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/com/2006/com2006_0402en01.pdf (accessed 10.05.2015).
3. REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL Fifth bi-annual report on the functioning of the Schengen area ...
A unified and harmonised European law and its impact on third countries
... customs duty for small flowered roses.
6. Commission Regulation (EEC) N 1677/88 of 15 June 1988, 1988, OJ L, no 150, p. 21, laying down quality standards for cucumber.
7. Commission, A. 2003, More Coherent European Contract Law, An Action Plan. COM, 68 final.
8. Council Regulation (EC) N 1206/2001 of 28 May 2001 on cooperation between the courts of the Member States in the taking of evidence in civil or commercial matters, 2001, OJ L, no 174, p. 1.
9. Council Regulation (EC) N 1346/2000 of 29 May 2000 ...
Evaluating the efficiency of the research sector in Russian regions: a dynamic data envelopment analysis
... on research
1
conducted in Russian regions in 2009—2020, which are used along with publishing performance data, 2008 internal R&D expenses figures and patent statistics since 2007. Further, cut-off values are given that were used when forming the final sample of regions. The next section contains the main results of the calculations and offers their visualisation, comparing them to earlier data. Discussion and conclusions round off the article.
Dynamic DEA model
DEA is used to assess efficiency ...
Russia-EU energy efficiency cooperation in the Baltic region: the untapped potential
...,available at: http://eng.kremlin.ru/transcripts/298 (accessed 23.12.2013).
8. Communication from the Commission of 29 April 1998, «Energy efficiency in the European Community — Towards a strategy for the rational use of energy»,1998, COM, no. 246 final, available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/Lex UriServ.do?uri=COM:1998:0246:FIN:EN:PDF (accessed 11.10.2013).
9. Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament,the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee ...
Application of a final automatic device to SCADA problem
An example of application of the final automatic device for realization of a part of a control system of the industrial equipment on the interface RS-485 is considered.
1.
Пентус А.Е., Пентус М.Р.
Математическая теория формальных языков....
Confiscation Estonian style: legal and political aspects of potential seizure of Russian assets in EU countries
... the effective implementation of Union restrictive measures. It will also provide a mechanism for asset seizure, should it be deemed necessary to prevent, detect or investigate criminal offences related to the violation of Union restrictive measures.
Finally, in December 2022, the Commission presented a draft directive on criminal liability for violation of Union restrictive measures.<16> The directive provides framework rules for criminalising acts related to the violation of Union restrictive ...
The Accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO: Geopolitical implications for Russia’s position in the Baltic Sea region
... the decisions taken by Finland and Sweden, as well as studying the role of the main external players (primarily the United States). Likewise, the key factors shaping the challenges and threats that Russia faces in light of these events are analyzed. Finally, possible scenarios for the development of the situation and Russia’s reaction are built.
The study draws on a wide range of Russian and foreign authors who trace the evolution of military-political trends in the Baltic Sea region (including ...
The Swedish institute’s scholarship policy as a soft power instrument
... combining elements of public diplomacy and development assistance [25], [26], [27, p. 147—167], [28]. Thomas Lundén has examined the reinforcement of Swedish influence in the Baltic republics through public diplomacy and academic cooperation during the final years of the USSR [29, p. 336—347]. Nevertheless, certain aspects and outcomes of these policies have remained underexplored, including the specific mechanisms of interaction with scholarship recipients and alumni of SI scholarship programmes ...
Expansionism in Poland’s strategic culture: historical retrospective and variations
... the territories that today are part of Ukraine and the Baltic States. Following the same religious logic, Warsaw often sought alliances with the actors that, by definition, could not be committed to the cause, such as the Republic of Venice or Spain. Finally, as the historian Jerzy Topolski puts it, religious wars gradually turned into self-destructive conflicts [26, p. 412—424].
One of the first thinkers to assert that religion had exhausted its military-political power was the Polish Humanist ...
Reputation core of Russian authorities: the case of the regional level of executive power
... shared and form the near periphery of the basic core. Beyond the near periphery lies the distant periphery, which is less significant and more dynamic in nature. The attributes of the distant periphery are more susceptible to multifactorial influences. Finally, there is the extreme periphery, which consists of the least significant and most agile characteristics.
According to the results of the expert assessment, the conceptual domain also includes historical and cultural characteristics that which ...
Internet diffusion and interregional digital divide in Russia: trends, factors, and the influence of the pandemic
... diffusion identified in the literature to substantiate the hypotheses for empirical analysis. Next, three forms of the digital divide in the Russian regions are considered, their interconnections are assessed, and individual factors are identified. Finally, conclusions and some recommendations are given.
Literature review
The spread of new technologies, including digital ones, between countries and regions, generally follows the classical laws of innovation diffusion [15], [16], [17]. The world ...
A poetic function in an expanding context: title — monoverse — polytext (on the example of Ivan Zhdanov's poetry)
The article analyses the poetic function as a mechanism for the semantic and compositional structuring of the text. The research aims to study repetition and parallelism, expanding the context from the heading to the minimal text and the textual unity within a poetic book and forming micro- and metacycles with movable boundaries. The material of the research is Ivan Zhdanov's monoverses, which were considered both immanently and as part of the book. The main methods of research are semantic...
Cultural discrepancy within Russian-speaking community in Israel
... Russian colors, 2009.
Strana
[The Country], December 7. Available at:
http://www.strana.co.il/
news/?ID=47723&cat=5 [Accessed 20 March 2022]
(in Russ.).
Tolchin Immergluck, I.,
2019.
Russians are coming… to the polls. Israeli politi
cians are finally waking up.
The
Times of Israel
, July 26.
Available at:
https://www
.
timesofisrael.com/russians-are-coming-to-the-polls-israeli-politicians-are-finally-wa
king-up/
[Accessed 20 March 2022].
Tolz, M., 2016. Demography of the Contemporary ...
Indirect translation: Main trends in practice and research
... research. The when question concerns the time coordinates of ITr practice as well as the diachronic evolution of ITr studies. The why questions looks into the motivations for ITr and into the historical neglect in the Translation Studies discipline. Finally, the how question considers selected details of ITr processes as well as the methods used in identifying most probable mediating texts and languages. The article ends with a brief consideration of prospects for research on ITr training. The what ...
Immanuel Kant in his final years
Wassianski E. A. K. (final part, translation and foreword by A. S. Zilber and I. D. Koptsev)
83-92
10.5922/0207-6918-2013-2-7
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New stages of the excessive budget deficit procedure for the EU member states and the assessment of their effectiveness
... URL:
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=1507587920552&uri=CELEX:62004CJ0027
(дата обращения: 01.10.2017).
9. Communication from the Commission. Reinforcing economic policy coordination: Communication COM/2010/0250 final // EUR-Lex. URL:
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:52010DC0250
(дата обращения: 01.10.2017).
10. History of the Stability and Growth Pact // European Commission. URL:
https://ec.europa.eu/info/business-economy-euro/economic-and-fiscal-policy-coordination/eu-economic-....
The impact of Russia’s counter-sanctions on Lithuania’s foreign economic activities
... «КонсультантПлюс».
4. D. Grybauskaitė apie sankcijas Rusijai: tai atsisuks prieš mus ir nieko nebus pasiekta // BNS — Baltic News Service, 07.08.2014. URL:
http://www.bns.lt/
(дата обращения: 06.02.2016).
5. EU's Biggest Russia-Trade Fan Finally Throws in the Towel // Bloomberg. 31.03.2016. URL:
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-03-31/eu-s-biggestrussia-trade-fan-finally-throws-in-the...
(дата обращения: 14.06.2016).
6. Астахова С. В. Страны Балтии: ...
The principle of mutual recognition of court orders within legal cooperation on criminal cases in the European Union
... Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the implementation since 2007 of the Council framework decision of 13 June 2002 on the European Arrest Warrant and the surrender procedures between Member States, Brussels 11.4.2011 COM (2011) 175 final.
URL: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2011:0175:FIN:EN:PDF (дата обращения: 26.09.2011).
7.
Council
Framework Decision 2006/783/JHA of 6 October 2006 on the application of the principle of mutual recognition ...
The concept and features of voluntary renunciation of criminal purpose
... renunciation of criminal purpose. Through analysing criminal statutes and
criminal law literature, the author identifies and examines the features of voluntary renunciation of criminal purpose: objective termination of intended crime, voluntariness, finality, and timeliness. The article offers a definition of voluntary renunciation of criminal purpose
1.
Звечаровский И.
Э.
Добровольный отказ от доведения преступления до конца. СПб....
Moral theology and the cosmological argument. Comments and delibera¬tions on a little-known Reflection of Kant
... description of the sheet is provided, followedby a “Question & Answer” with the goal of dating the notes describing the two separate arguments for the existence of God. The use of the expressions ‘Moraltheologie’ (moral theology) and ‘Endzweck’ (final purpose), as well as the discussion of ‘an object of the moral will’ — all of which touchupon a central point of Kant’s developing moral philosophy — show that the text on both sides of the sheet could not have been written before the ...
The Youth in Kaliningrad, Gdansk and Klaipeda: Geopolitical Vision of the World, Identity and Images of the Other
... napravlenie v geopolitike: stala li, nakonec, geopolitika naukoj? [Geopolitical vision of the world as Russian citizens: the experience of application of "critical geopolitics." "Critical" in the direction of geopolitics: Whether became finally geopolitics science?]. In: Kaledin, N. V., Chistobaev, A. I. (eds.), Geograficheskoe prostranstvo Rossii: obraz i modernizacija [Geographical space of Russia: the image and modernization], St. Petersburg, p. 92—114.
12. Kolosov, V. А., Zotova,...
Supranational Policy of Migrant Integration in the EU
... Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social committee and the Committee of the Regions— A Common Agenda for Integration — Framework for the Integration of Third-Country Nationals in the European Union, 2005, COM, no. 0389 final, available at: URL: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:
52005DC0389&from=EN (accessed: 17.01.2014).
9. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee ...
EU — Russia energy cooperation: major development trends and the present state
... the creation of a common European energy market). The author describes the process of gradual consolidation of transgovernmental and transnational institutions, which leads to depoliticization of cooperation and mutual socialization of the partners. Finally, legal discussions on the development of common rules have become more constructive. In sum, the current situation in EU — Russia energy relations is favourable and positively affects cooperation in the Baltic Sea region.
1. Joint Declaration ...
On the international cooperation of North-West Russia in the field of innovations in the Baltic
... prigranichnoj oblasti [Open innovation platform — a tool for cooperation between Russia and the European Union in the border area], available at: http://www. finrusinno. ru/kuvat/Tmoipa/lpr%20inno%20esite_rus_esite_web.pdf (accessed 10 September 2012).
6. Final cluster analysis. Identification of cross-border economic clusters in transborder region of St. petersburg, Leningrad region and Ida-Virumaa, 2008, Narva Business Advisory Services Foundation, St. Petersburg Information and Analytical Center, Synergy ...
Military and political cooperation between Germany and Lithuania in the late 2010s to early 2020s
... However, the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) was not prepared to provide diplomatic support to the Baltic states until the German question was resolved according to Bonn’s interests. The significance of the 2 + 4 agreement in September 1990, which finalized the reunification of Germany and the withdrawal of Soviet troops, along with the weakening of the influence of the central Soviet authorities after the activities of the State Emergency Committee, created the conditions for Germany’s activation....
Sanctions risks and regional development: Russian case
... of most regions (Fig. 5). In addition, most of the enterprises did not cease their activities in Russia, but only announced this, or sold their assets to other owners, or transferred them to local management without a significant period of shutdown.
Finally, the integral index of exposure to sanctions risks was calculated (Fig. 6). The index value was higher for the northwestern regions (Komi Republic, Kaliningrad, Vologda, Leningrad, Arkhangelsk regions, Republic of Karelia), where close trade and ...
Geopolitical regionalisation of the Baltic area: the essence and historical dynamics
... scale is probably the most popular with scholars of socio-geographical phenomena, particularly, regionalisation. For instance, models have been proposed for ‘periphery — periphery’, ‘core — core’ and ‘core — periphery’ interfaces. Finally, there is the ‘continuous/areal regions — dispersed/network region’ scales, which allows one to distinguish continuous economic zones and gravitation zones; transboundary network online communities and party structures. Overall, ongoing ...
University performance and regional development: the case of Russia’s North-West
... their performance in regions, describes the study findings, and presents the results of the correlation analysis of regional universities’ performance of their functions in conjunction with major socio-economic indicators of regional well-being. The final part of the article presents the main conclusions.
Functional approach
to regional university assessment
The functional approach asserts that an object’s essence and characteristics are defined by the execution of its primary functions. Each function ...
The Relationship Between the Individual and the Collective in the Social Philosophy of Georges Gurvitch
The relationship between the individual and society is the leitmotif of Georges Gurvitch’s work. Beginning from the early Russian-language books on the philosophy of law and ending with the works on sociology published in France and the USA at the final stage of his career, Gurvitch studied the individual person and collective units as interacting sides of the collective social subject. He sought to overcome the struggle between individualism and collectivism which found its ideological expression ...
Between Kant and Trendelenburg: On the Genealogy of Kudryavtsev-Platonov’s Theory of Cognition
..., but largely through German historical-philosophical renderings. I establish similarities between the teachings of Trendelenburg and Kudryavtsev on space, time and the categories of understanding and their critique of the relevant Kantian teaching. Finally, Kudryavtsev’s early manuscripts attest to his acquaintance with Trendelenburg’s ideas. I conclude that Trendelenburg influenced Kudryavtsev’s own theory of cognition, a fact that should be borne in mind when reading the Russian philosopher’s ...
The modern economy of Russia’s Baltic regions in the municipal context
... Leningrad NPP). However, this indicator is not operational and is published with approximately the same lag as the GRP for the RF regions (for example, 2021 data were published only at the very end of March 2023). This is quite understandable since the final PIT data appear only after all tax refunds have been paid, which happens after the end of the tax year.
Thus, to analyze the level and long-term trends in municipal development, one can use Rosstat data on taxable personal income (the major income ...
The border as a barrier and an incentive for the structural economic transformation of the Kaliningrad exclave
... level of the early 2000s. Cooperation within such important institutions as the Council of the Baltic Sea States and the Northern Dimension was frozen, and the projects launched in 2007—2013 and completed in 2014 experienced difficulties in receiving final payments.<4>
Global-regional crises as a factor in the new radical restructuring: 2020 onwards
The new restructuring of the border resulted from a clash of two unrelated global crises, whose consequences, however, were closely intertwined....
Knowledge and innovation dynamics of the Northwest Russia under geopolitical changes
... specialization of their publications and patents. The study also finds that there is a positive correlation between the volume of innovative products and quantitative factors in the functioning of subsystems involved in knowledge generation and innovation. Finally, the study examines the geography and structure of the international research network that the regions of Northwest Russia had formed by 2022. It shows that the geopolitical transformation requires a significant part of cooperation ties with unfriendly ...
The geopolitical effect of the maritime factor on the spatial development of post-Soviet Russia: the Baltic case
... symptom is the output of the processing industries of the Kaliningrad region plummeting to 80.5 % in 2022 year-on-year. Additionally, there’s a short-term decrease in the turnover of the Great Port of St. Petersburg, down by 37.5 % in 2022.<7> Finally, the increasingly strained Russian—Turkish relations are likely to complicate Russia’s subsea pipeline exports of natural gas through and through.
The total number of Russia’s coastal regions faced with socio-economic, transport-logistic ...
Geography of the mobile internet in the border and interior regions of Russia
... associated with a wider spread of mobile technologies using the linear regression method for each quantitative variable in the “StatTech v.3.1.6” software, we formed predictive models characterizing its dependence on the factors specified in Table 2. The final models included only the factors with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) (Table 5).
Predictive models characterizing the relationship of independent variables and factor variables for border and interior regions
Group
of regions
...
Kant als metaphilosophischer Skeptizist?
... makes Rescher’s view reasonable. In the third step, I introduce a newer form of metaphilosophical skepticism — “Third-Stage Skepticism” — and conjecture that this form can be seen as inspired by Kant’s thought on philosophical diversity. Finally, I point out a way to reject this newer form.
Ballantyne, N., 2016. Verbal Disagreements and Philosophical Scepticism. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 94(4), pp. 752-765.
Baum, M., 2015. Metaphysik. In: M. Willaschek, J. Stolzenberg,...
The end of the collective farm (the case of the collective farm “Novaya Znizn”, Pravdinsky district, Kaliningrad region)
... administration of the municipal entity “Pravdinsky Urban District”, including minutes of general meetings and board sessions of the collective farm, materials from the primary party organization, etc., this microhistorical study explores the final years of the “Novaya Znizn (New Life)” collective farm in the Pravdinsky district of the Kaliningrad region. The research goal is to reconstruct the views of collective farm members on the processes occurring in the country in the late 1980s ...
Modern trends in paradiplomacy: a case of Russian-Finnish regional cooperation
... cross-border cooperation, particularly within the ENI CBC Programmes, exhibited numerous characteristics of multi-level governance. This theory elucidates the diversification of actors and their alignment, encompassing both vertical and horizontal dimensions.
Finally, cross-border cooperation became ‘more cross-border’: projects moved from large cities to local centres located directly at the border. This trend emerged in the 2007—2013 programme period and consolidated in 2014—2020 [10], [11].
Hence,...
Artificial Intelligence: a catalyst for entrepreneurship education in the Baltics
... Lithuania, and Estonia. This aspect is increasingly gaining attention from universities, which collaborate closely with the business sector, governmental bodies, and regional agencies to provide diverse forms of support to aspiring business students. The final part of the article addresses issues that require more active and innovative participation of academia in activities enhancing the role of student youth in the economic development of their countries and regions.
Introduction
The aim of this ...
The Visegrad Group and the Baltic Assembly: coalitions within the EU as seen through Russian foreign policy
... policy by the EU member states in the form of coalitions, quasi-unions, and sub-regional unions. The most active integration processes take place within the European Union, a supranational association that has prerequisites for the transition to the final stage of integration — the formation of a political union. The desire of the European Union to preserve and protect the achieved level of integration is quite understandable and logical. Integration associations that exist within the European ...
Societal security in the Baltic Sea Region: the Russian perspective
... neighbours represent an exemplary case from the LIGA point of view.
States’ decisions to cooperate internationally are explained by the LIGA in a three-stage framework: states first define national preferences, then bargain to international agreements, and finally create or adjust institutions and regimes to secure those outcomes in the face of future uncertainty. The LIGA aims at examining what drives national preferences, bargaining strategies and the nature of international institutions and regimes that ...
Some Remarks about the Difference between Überzeugung and Überredung
... freedom of thought and expression is also suggested. In order to do so, I first explain the notion of holding to be true and its difference from the notion of being true. Secondly, I examine what it means to be convinced and what it means to be persuaded. Finally, I analyse the relevance of alterity for the identification of this difference and consider the importance of freedom of expression.
Baumgarten, A. G., 1757. Metaphysica. In: I. Kant, 1922. Kant’s gesammelte Schriften, Volume 15, Part ...
International heritage in the memorial landscape of the Kaliningrad region
... dramatic events had been taking place, some of them closely intertwined with Russian history: the Grand Embassy of Peter the Great, the battles of the Seven Years’, Napoleonic, First World and other wars. The area abounds with sites commemorating the final events of the Second World War in Europe, particularly the Red Army offensive of autumn 1944 — spring 1945. The past of East Prussia is inextricably linked to German, Polish and Lithuanian history. Despite the destruction wrought by the war and ...
The impact of the food embargo on consumer preferences and cross-border practices in the Kaliningrad region
... municipalities bordering Poland: Ozersk, Pravdinsk, Bagrationovsk, Mamonovo and Ladushkin districts.
The first sampling stage was determining the number of respondents in each stratum by their share in the statistical population. The second stage was finalizing the survey sites factoring in the size of the urban and rural population in each stratum. The third stage was establishing sex and age quotas for respondents in each survey site according to the proportion of sex and age groups in the general ...
Population change and the settlement system transformation in Poland, as revealed by the 2021 census
This article aims to analyse current geodemographic changes in Poland, based on the data of the 2021 National Population and Housing Census. Methods, traditional for socioeconomic geography, such as zoning, were employed. Poland’s population decreased during the inter-census period (2011—2021), with the urban population declining faster than its rural counterpart. The large voivodeships aligned along the Vistula ‘axis’ — Mazowiecka, Lesser Poland and Pomerania — outperform other Polish...
Comparative analysis of the territorial support frame of settlement in coastal areas: the case of St. Petersburg and Kaliningrad regions
... it). Then, it goes southeastward, reaching the shore of Lake Ladoga via Toksovo, Rakhya, and Morozov settlement, Shlisselburg. Having passed Kirovsk, it coincides with route A-120. The zone also includes Tosno, which is 13 km away from the route, and finally reaches the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland at the village of Bolshaya Izhora.
3. The southwestern zone, whose eastern border runs along most of route A-120, from the village of Bolshaya Izhora in the north until the road crosses the Gatchina ...