Bogdan Kistiakovy’s Project of “State of the Future” as Synthesis of the Ideas of Liberalism and Socialism
This article is devoted to the correlation between liberal and socialist ideas in the social and philosophical conception of the prominent methodologist of social sciences and a Neo-Kantian legal theorist Bogdan Kistyakovsky. The author stresses the uncertainty of both the definition of liberalism and the principles behind attributing concrete thinkers to this movement. The article emphasises the inconsistency of classifying Kistyakovsky’s socio-philosophical concept as liberal. The analysis performed...
The Conjunction Functions of the Particle tolko: A Conjunction Particle vs a Conjunction Analogue
This article considers the conjunction functions of the logical and modal particle tolko. A study into the functioning of logical and modal particles led the author to identify the basic syntactic positions that determine the functional and grammatical status of the lexical units studied: the particle, the conjunction particle, and the conjunction analogue. The conjunction behaviour of a particle can be manifested to a greater or lesser degree. The particle/conjunction relation forms a gradient....
Vegetation succession in Svinoye Bog (south of the Curonian spit, Russia)
In this article, we present an analysis of the taxonomic diversity of plant macro-remnants retrieved from the peat deposits of Svinoye Bog in the southern part of the Curonian Spit, Russia. The initial mire formation stage is probably associated with the alder carrs and stretches of Phragmites, which were successively replaced by fen, transition mire, and raised bog communities. ...
Dispute about Holbein as a dispute about faith: discussion around Fedor Dostoevsky’s novel ‘The Idiot’
The article is devoted to the controversy around the painting by Hans Holbein the Younger "Christ in the tomb" and the novel "The Idiot" by Fedor Dostoevsky, where this picture is the central ekphrasis. The aim of the study was to analyze the current trends in the interpretation of Holbein's painting and Dostoevsky's novel, in their relationship with Christian dogmatics, canonical requirements for depicting the image of Christ, the biblical context, and to establish existing and...
The gallant style in the development of new Russian literature (I. Bogdanovich — N. Karamzin — I. Dmitriev)
The article proves that the gallant style Précieuses of 1760—1770s had a great stylistic influence on the Russian literature of the XVIII—XIXth centuries. «Natalia, Boyarskaya doch’» («Natalia, Boyar's daughter»), a story by N. M. Karamzin, was created under the decisive influence of «Doushen’ka» («Darling»), a poem by I. F. Bogdanovich, and absorbed the traditions of La Fontaine and Voltaire, becoming a model of the literary style for I. I. Dmitriev that he demonstrated in his fairy...
Development of the Zehlau ecosystem (based on the data on peat deposit structure)
This article presents new detailed data on the botanical composition of peat and the structure of peat deposits of the Zehlau raised bog. The authors investigate the history of the ecosystem and provide evidence for the idea that the bog developed through the paludification of a forest area, vast reed vegeta-tion, and rapid succession of different Sphagna communities. The article also ...
The lichen flora of Zadovskoye raised bog in the Slavsk district of the Kaliningrad region
This article provides a historical overview of studies into the lichen flora of raised bogs of the Kaliningrad region. A list of the lichens of the Zadovskoye raised bog (Slavsk district, Kaliningrad region) as well as a taxonomic analysis and data on the ecology of lichens are presented. A schematic map of the occurrence of lichens on ...
The activation of languages and the self-awareness of students of philology
This article offers an overview of the discipline ‘Language activation and language teaching strategy’ taught to students of philology at the University of Gdansk. It is emphasised that the course pays special attention to acquiring knowledge and its application in the course of individual studies. The results of an annual survey of junior students of Russian philology at the University of Gdansk help identify the factors of effective teaching of foreign languages.
1. Anisimowicz B. Alternatywne...
Preserve vs dismantle: major trends in the Baltics’ politics of memory regarding Soviet monuments at sites of mass violence
Another round of the Soviet ‘monument fall’ in the Baltics, which began in the early 2000s, continued into 2022. This process, however, has not affected Soviet memorials at the sites of mass violence perpetrated during the German occupation of the Baltics. This article aims to investigate major trends in the Baltics’ politics of memory regarding Soviet monuments erected at sites of mass violence. The official policy of the Baltics towards these memorial sites has been largely shaped by the...
Pechora scrolls: St. Augustine’s miracle of the revelation of the Elder
The Ust-Tsilemsky region of the Komi Republic is known for its collection of medieval handwritten books and manuscripts. These collections found in the area of the Lower Pechora River contain a rich variety of Old Believers’ written documents of different genres. The authors explore one of these documents — St. Augustine’s Miracle of the Revelation of the Elder, which exists in two different Pechora documents. One of them is a hagiographic text created by the famous Ust-Tsilma scribe...
Kant and the Problem of Optimism: The Origin of the Debate
Kant scholars have rarely addressed the notion of optimism as it was interpreted by the Königsbergian philosopher in the mid-18th century. The notion originates from Leibniz’s Theodicy and from debates over whether the actual world is the best of all possible worlds. The first of a two-part series, this article studies the historical context in which appeared Kant’s 1759 lecture advertisement leaflet entitled An Attempt at Some Reflections on Optimism. The study describes the requirements...
Around the “social pedagogy” of Paul Natorp: Vladimir Dinze in the debates on national upbringing. Part 2
Many scholars and practitioners in the sphere of the public education and upbringing in Russia addressed themselves to the philosophical-pedagogical ideas of German philosopher of Neo- Kantian movement Paul Natorp. These ideas were formulated mainly in his fundamental work “Social Pedagogy”. Vladimir Dinze relies on Natorp’s thesis of the national school as the way of accustoming “the all people to the national culture”, actualizes the heritage of Russian and Western pedagogues and philosophers...
The Intercessor Type of Marian Iconography: Icons from the Kaliningrad Regional Museum of History and Art
Analysing the Intercessor type of Marian iconography, this author identifies the iconographic features of such depictions and explores the transformation that the image has undergone in the Russian icon painting tradition. To achieve this goal, the author employs the methods of comparison and generalisation and traces the transformation of the Byzantine image of Paraklesis into the Intercessor iconographic type of Russian icon painting. By examining the image in more recently painted icons, the author...
The philosophical and legal content of Sergey Hessen’s concept of personality
This article aims to consider the concept of personality proposed by the prominent exponent of Russian neo-Kantianism Sergey Hessen and its philosophical and legal content. The frame of reference used to achieve this aim is determined by the personality-culture-the general will-the state coordinates. The author compares Hessen’s ideas with Bogdan Kistyakovsky’s legal concept. Hessen distinguished between several layers of meaning in the notion of culture — civilizedness, level of education...
Land Use Policy and Land Management in Estonia
This article studies the effect of land reform on the development of current land policy and land management efficiency. The authors present a review of materials focusing on the new land policy, land management and land use system at a new stage of Estonian development. This policy has led to the adoption of a new reform aimed at the municipalisation, privatisation, and denationalisation of real estate. The article describes mechanisms of the Romano-Germanic land management model, which has replaced...
The geochronology of the Holocene vegetation deve¬lopment in the South-east Baltic region (based on the results of a paleogeographic study)
This article presents the results a of complex palaeogeographical study of Velikoye peat bog (the Šešupė River basin, the Kaliningrad region). The pollen analysis accompanied by radiocarbon dating, makes it possible to reconstruct the vegetation development, on the basis of which the climate changes in the South-east Baltic region over ...
The Russians in Kant-Studien. Part II (1954—2012)
This article is the second part of the research concerning the publications of Russian scholars in Kant-Studien, the leading periodical dedicated to Kant studies and the most important print of the International Kant Society. The article describes the history of publications of Russian authors from 1974 to 2008.
1. Asmus V. F. Dialekticheskij materializm i logika. Ocherk razvitija dialekticheskogo metoda v novejshej filosofii ot Kanta do Lenina. Kiev, 1924.
2. Asmus V. F. Dialektika Kanta. M....
The qualia structure and its role for linguistics research
The article contains the analysis of the works by J. Pustejovsky on the generative lexicon and Qualia structures. Special attention is paid to the functions of the Qualia structure roles, their possible combination with frames. Such a combination offers new prospects for linguistic research.
1. Апресян Ю. Д. Лексическая семантика. Синонимические средства языка. М., 1970.
2. Виноград Т. К процессуальному пониманию...
Vivos Voco. Post-war Correspondence between Sergey Hessen and Ivan Lapshin: Year 1946
The letters of S. I. Hessen and I. I. Lapshin, two Russian Neo-Kantian philosophers, were written in the early post-war years. These letters bear witness to the later period in the life and work of their authors, a period of hardship, tragic losses and hopes. Both philosophers were deeply embedded in the intellectual landscape of Russian emigration. They were also known and valued by their peers in the countries that gave them refuge, Poland and Czechoslovakia, where they not only published their...
Analysis and translation of the Old English poem Instructions for Christians in the context of the Christian tradition
An Old English poem, preserved in a copy of the 12th century, Instructions for Christians, consisting of 265 lines, is considered through the prism of the explication of the theme of moral instructions in the Old English tradition. The poem, along with other Old English sermons and Christian poems, represents the suggestion of moral rules regarding early Christian life, being a set of orders for believers. This article provides the author's translation of the contexts of the poem Instructions...
Transposition — retelling — translation: the destiny of Areopagitica in Slavia Orthodoxa
The article undertakes a conceptual analysis of the challenges associated with translating works from the Corpus Areopagiticum, a collection of theological treatises attributed to Dionysius the Areopagite from the 1st century. However, these works are unequivocally associated with early medieval Eastern Christian mystical-theological thought, presumably from the turn of the 5th—6th centuries. These texts first appeared in the Slavic Orthodox area in 1370, and subsequent translations emerged...
Polynominativity of geographical objects in the linguocultural context
The article attempts to analyze the linguocultural factors contributing to the phenomenon of polynominativity—multiple names for a single object. This investigation employs toponyms as a case study. The exploration delves into several key factors that give rise to polyonyms: 1) linguosociocultural factors: these factors play a pivotal role in shaping subsystems of names, encompassing both official and unofficial, widely used and niche terms, as well as neutral and connotatively charged...
Spatial differentiation of rural territories in the Kaliningrad region: implications for socio-economic policies
... villages alone (it is worth noting that opinion polls show that rural presidents appreciate such innovations). In some areas, social innovations have already gained currency. These are household-driven rural tourism, production of new crops (asparagus, bog bilberry, mushrooms, etc.), breeding of new animals (quails, ostriches, rabbits, etc.), cow and goat cheese manufacturing, etc. Moreover, rural schools and libraries have recently become visible cultural actors.
The Kaliningrad region has been paying ...
Kant and Analysis
In the current dialogue between two authors with different views on analysis, philosophy, and the use of labels, the leading question is: How should one understand the expression ‘analytic philosophy’? Lewin argues that as there are no generally agreed tenets and methods of what is being called ‘analytic philosophy’, the name is to be replaced by a more specific one or abandoned. Williamson defends the use of this phrase, claiming that it is quite serviceable, as it relates to a broad tradition...
A part outside the whole? (To Anton Zimmerling's article “Really: syntactics without semiotics?”)
Before delving into the connections between linguistics and semiotics, it is essential to establish a clear demarcation between these fields, which necessitates a precise definition of each subject. However, the approach taken by Anton Zimmerling in this regard is subject to debate. In the discussion of semiotics, the focus tends to lean towards interpretations that recognize the dual understanding of signs, while unilateral conceptions of signs are often overlooked. Linguistics is typically...
Forensic aspects of cyberbullying as a form of destructive behavior on the Internet
The article analyzes the criminological aspects of the cyberbullying phenomenon as a form of destructive behavior on the Internet. The authors take criminological approach in considering the psychological characteristics of such behavior, as well as forms and types of its manifestation. The research described the most socially dangerous forms of cyberbullying, carried out the problem analysis of existing methods of prevention and counteraction to cyberbullying in modern science. The problems of investigation...
Tool-Kit for Ethical Analysis of Video Games: Answer to the Challenges of the New Enlightenment
The authors of the idea of a “new Enlightenment”, Ernst von Weizsäcker and Anders Wijkman, in their 2018 report to the Club of Rome analyse the causes of the explosive development of science and technology in the Modern period and come to the conclusion that their triumph and existential threats stem in many ways from the ideals of Enlightenment, so that the future of humankind depends crucially on an ideological rethinking of man’s status in the world. They stress the need to enhance the...
Kant’s Concept of Enlightenment and Its Alternatives
The modern popularity of the Kantian definition of enlightenment often leads to a distorted notion that his understanding of enlightenment was dominant already during his lifetime, expressing the quintessence of all-European Enlightenment. This turns our attention away from entire layers of philosophical thought, since the Kantian definition of enlightenment in the late eighteenth century was neither the only one nor the preeminent one. The study of alternatives represented in the German philosophy...
Expressiveness in the theatre as a meaning-making technology and the role of gestures in its realization
The paper examines the concept of multimodal expressiveness contributing to the general study of the expressive and emotive functions in belles-lettres texts. The author attempts to prove that in heterogeneous discourse expressiveness manifests itself as a meaning-making resource responsible for the form-content fusion. The analysis is carried out on the basis of two different kinds of theatrical discourse: theatrical performance and public play-reading. The author turns to theatrical interpretations...
From Kant to Frank: The Ethic of Duty and the Problem of Resistance to Evil in Russian Thought
... includes the ethic of duty and links it with the possibility of using force, always a wrongful act, but one justified “in a situation of extreme need”.
Aljaev, G. E., Obolevich, T. and Rezvykh, T.N., 2021. “Svet vo t’me” i “S nami Bog”: neizvestnye knigi S. L. Franka [The Light Shineth in the Darkness and God with Us: The Unknown Books of S. L. Frank]. Moscow: Modest Kolerov. (In Rus.)
Berdyaev, N. A., 1912. The Old and New Testament in L. Tolstoy’s Religious Consciousness....
City as an explicant of the key concepts in Dostoevsky’s “The Adolescent
The perception of Fyodor Dostoevsky as a literary painter of St. Petersburg has become an axiom in literary criticism. However, modern researchers pay attention to the significance of other cities for the writer, which are inextricably linked both with his biography and his work. Fyodor Dostoevsky not only instantly noticed visual metaphors and historical and cultural narratives of the places where he was destined to be, but he also included presciently read city texts in his literary works. This...
Feodosia as a city and a visual text (Aivazovsky Project)
The article describes the personality of Ivan K. Aivazovsky, a man of 'frontiers' who lived in a polyphonic city where Russian, Armenian and Turkic were spoken. The message of the article is the following: Aivazovsky was not only a gifted artist but also a diplomat, a responsible and upstanding citizen who appreciated the values of the city and was concerned about its problems, Armenian community and people. Aivazovsky changed the social space of the city, the (infra)structure and the image of Feodosia...
Visual text of medieval Vladimir: the analysis of the dominant image of cathedral exteriors
The article attempts to determine the conceptual foundations for analyzing the influence of the artistic design of the temples of medieval Vladimir on the formation of the urban sacred space. The study aims to use the example of Vladimir during the reign of Andrei Bogolyubsky and Vsevolod III to substantiate the city-forming significance of exterior sculptural programs as a visual text that encodes the key parameters of the semantic organisation of urban environment. Hermeneutic presuppositions and...
Development of municipal districts in Saint Petersburg over the last decade: an economic and spatial analysis
The article analyses economic and spatial indicators to produce a typology of the economic development levels of St. Petersburg municipal districts. To normalise the city’s development, it is vital to understand which territories have contributed more to the process and which have inhibited it. It is also essential to analyse the principal economic indicators of each municipal district and assess transport accessibility, street activity and transit. The study demonstrates the connection between...
Who is the one who uses the human language? On Alexsander Kravchenko's article "Language and the Nature of Humanity")
The article is devoted to the polemic with Alexander Kravchenko regarding his thesis that the way out of the protracted crisis in linguistics is to use a systemic approach to linguistic semiosis as biological adaptation. The author argues that linguistics is not in a state of crisis but rather in a state of stagnation. Overcoming it presupposes an intensive methodological search that infinitely expands the horizons of permissible views rather than the use of a system approach that is inadequate...
The use of information technology to control the movement of an automatic vehicle based on an AGV bogie
To modernize car assembly lines, the possibility of using automatic vehicles is considered. This article describes the process of developing a software and hardware complex for controlling the movement of such a vehicle.
Pelagey S. K., Tolstel O. V., Mikheenko D. V.
automated guided vehicle, AGV, mathematical model, ROS, Gazebo, Raspberry Pi
14-22
IL-1β and IL-8 influence on cytoprotective mechanisms in liver tissue in morbid obesity patients with comorbidities
Obesity is a global health problem. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese patients is 62—93 %, in type 2 diabetes is prevalent and reaches 55.5 %. The development of chronic subclinical inflammation in obesity contributes to the development of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which underlie the pathogenesis of obesity-associated diseases, i. e., type 2 diabetes and NAFLD.
The study included 130 patients with morbid obesity and comorbid diseases (NAFLD and type 2 diabetes)...
New principles of resource distribution in the EU and their impact on the countries of the Baltic region
The Multiannual Financial Framework for 2021—2027 was adopted during the severe crisis caused by the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. In the face of a rapidly deteriorating economic situation, EU countries took unprecedented steps radically changing the principles of resource allocation in the Union. These included the recovery plan for Europe, making the EU budget conditional on respect for the rule of law and the new EU resources system. This article seeks to identify the essential characteristics...
Between phenomenology and futurism: Roman Jakobson’s poetics before the WW 2
The article is based on a chapter from the author’s book Russian Formalism: A Metapoetics (1984). It deals with the poetics of Roman Jakobson formulated during his stay in Prague from 1920 to 1938 and treats this subject from an epistemological perspective outlining three incompatible scholarly/artistic trends which informed it: Husserlian Phenomenology, Saussurian linguistics and Russian Futurism. From Husserl, Jakobson borrowed the concept of “expression” (Ausdruck) — the sign whose...
Valuating the appropriation of digital technologies across Russian regions
The COVID-19 pandemic has proved a powerful catalyst for the integration of digital technologies in everyday life. Many digital routines have replaced the traditional ones relating to purchasing goods and services, information exchange, movement, document issuance, or scheduling medical appointments. Despite technology proliferating through society, the digital divide is widening. The place of residence is a factor affecting the involvement in digitalisation, along with age, education, income, and...
Kant as the German Theorist of the French Revolution: the Origin of a Dogma
... Kants Weg in die Öffentlichkeit: Christian Gottfried Schütz als Wegbereiter der kritischen Philosophie. Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt: Frommann-Holzboog.
[Schütz, Ch. G.], 1785. Riga, b. Hartknoch: Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten von Immanuel Kant, 8 Bog. 8. Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung (Jena), 2(80), p. 21.
Shcheglov, A. V., 1940. Nemeckaja klassicheskaja filosofija (Kant, Gegelʼ, Fejerbakh). Stenogramma lekcij, prochitannyh 11, 14 i 17 dekabrya 1939 g. (Kurs dialekticheskogo i istoricheskogo materializma ...
“Čut’ živye, v noč’ osennjuju / My s ochoty vozvraščaemsja…” Secondary predicate in Nekrasov’s poetic texts
The main aim of the article is to examine the grammatical and stylistic functions of the predicative attribute in the poetic work of Nekrasov. The study contributes to the general ‘grammar of poetry’, which has been proposed and developed by Roman Jakobson. The study shows that Nekrasov often used the predicative attribute and it constitutes one of the specific features of his style. Grammatically extended adjectival, participial and adverbial phrases, frequent in Nekrasov’s poetry, cause additional...
Work-life balance during the Covid-19 outbreak: the case of Latvia
This paper aims to shed light on work-life balance in Latvia during the state of emergency. The Covid-19 outbreak has led many governments to introduce lockdowns. While imposed restrictions may help to contain the spread of the virus, they may also result in substantial damage to population well-being. The Covid-19 outbreak in Latvia demonstrates the extent and ways in which socio-demographics factors have determined different patterns of behaviour, attitudes, employment changes and harmonised work...
The journal “1812”and the 100th anniversary of the Patriotic War of 1812
The author explores the perception of the characteristic traits of Russian people that was widespread among military intellectuals and their associates — publishers, authors and subscribers of the journal “1812” at the end of the 19th — the beginning of the 20th centuries. The same group of military historians, academics and popularizers initiated the foundation of the Museum of 1812 and the Borodino panorama, painted by F. A. Roubaud for the 100th anniversary of the Patriotic War of...
Time and eternity in the literary image of the church procession: Pushkin’s Boris Godunov and Shmeleff’s The Year of the Lord
This article considers the depiction of the church procession to examine the literary interpretation of time and eternity in Alexander Pushkin’s historical drama Boris Godunov and Ivan Shmeleff’s novel The Year of the Lord. The two texts share fundamental similarities in literary images. The church procession is portrayed as a manifestation of eternity in the tangible reality of this world. Despite their common temporal nature, images in Boris Godunov and The Year of the Lord differ in terms...
On fate and/or providence in Pushkin’s short story ‘The blizzard’
It has been repeatedly noted that there are similarities between Pushkin’s short story ‘The blizzard’, Zhukovsky's ballad ‘Svetlana’, from which Pushkin borrowed the epigraph, and Burger's ‘Lenora’, which was twice used by Zhukovsky in different contexts. Differences in the functioning of the traditional plot are considered against the background of the interrelation and interdependence between fate, chance, and free will. In a Christian reading, the attitudes of the main characters...
Parliament and law-making: modern understanding of the role of parliamentary procedures and laws in transforming society
The author analyzes the place and role of parliament in today's transforming society and investigates the causes of the crisis of parliamentarism, the confrontation between parliament and government in some countries and in others - the widespread "legitimization" of government policy in the sphere of legal norms. The author has identified the reasons for a decrease in trust to parliaments, which no longer play a decisive role in the division of power, being forced aside by the executive...
The mutual similarity of meanings and structures in a literary text
This paper discusses a discourse grounding strategy that has not been described before. It is shown that the fragments of a literary text that are perceived as impressive, aphoristic, etc., tend to have a set of recurrent features. Firstly, in such fragments, there often is mutual reflectedness of meanings (it emerges in metaphors, similes, parallelisms, or juxtapositions of contradictory notions). Second, mutual reflectedness goes through pronounced detrivialization, i.e it is emphasised using...
The mythopoetics of Kazuo Ishiguro’s novel The buried giant
In this article, I investigate the poetics of the novel The buried giant by Kazuo Ishiguro and consider artistic images that tend to actualise mythological poetics in the literary text. I pay particular attention both to the re-creation of elements of mythological origin in the context of the novel and to new semantic meanings emerging through the reconsideration of the myth in the mind of the author. I address the problem of defining the genre of the novel, which has not yet received a single...
The Masonic Word: Types and Functions
In the sources that guide the Masons, and in the sources that they produce themselves, the term “Word” dominates in the meaning of a “text, an idea or a communicative unit”. This determines the importance of the research. Its purpose is to identify the characteristics of the perception of the Word by the Masons, that is, to discover the typology of the unit and its functions. To achieve the goal, the methods of semantic, contextual and communicative analysis were used, allowing in...