Historical perspective on the word gospoda as a form of address
Using the method of corpus analysis, this article explores the history of the Russian honorific gospoda and related forms of address: damy i gospoda, gospoda-tovarischi, and other noun-noun and adjective-noun collocations (gospoda publika uvažaemye gospoda). It draws on examples from literature to demonstrate that although, contrary to popular belief, the honorific damy i ...
Military and political cooperation between Germany and Lithuania in the late 2010s to early 2020s
Since the mid-2010s, Germany has significantly adjusted its approaches to the use of the Bundeswehr, pivoting its strategic focus from regions distant from the Euro-Atlantic community to those within or near it. This has underscored the pressing need to address issues related to securing steadfast allies in Eastern Europe and enhancing cooperation with them. This article aims to explore the current evolution of German-Lithuanian relations in both political and military domains. The approach of Germany ...
Cartographic module for visualizing the location of IP-addresses
Due to the continuously increasing number of network attacks and, accordingly, the volume of work performed by analysts to identify individuals who violate the security of critical information infrastructure objects, the development of software tools that provide visualization of the information analyzed in this case is relevant. A cartographic module is described that provides a search for publicly accessible databases of MaxMind companies, 3WiFi databases, WHOIS information for this IP-address...
Filling the space between two opposite parties: Edward Stanleyand a centre party
... conservatism. Oxford, 1956.
10. London, Friday, February 27, 1835 // The Times. 1835. 27 Febr. P. 6.
11. London, Thursday, January 15, 1835 // The Times. 1835. 15 Jan. P. 6.
12. Lord Melbourne's papers / ed. by L. Ch. Sanders. L., 1889.
13. Lord Stanley’s Address to the Elections of the Northern Division of the County Palatine of Lancaster // The Time. 1835. 6 Jan. P. 5.
14. Malmesbury, earl of. Memoirs of an Ex-Minister. An Autobiography. L., 1885.
15. Murrey J. Sir Robert Peel's address to the Electors ...
Pronominal address in Swedish and English
....dialog-21.ru/materials/archive.asp?id=6645&y=2201&vol=6077
4.
Ahlgren P.
Tilltalsordet ni. Dess semantic och användning i historiskt perspektiv. Studia Philologiae Scandinavicae Upsaliensia 12.
Uppsala
, 1978.
5.
Paulston Ch.
B.
Pronouns of address in Swedish: social class semantics and a changing system // Language in Society. 1976. №
5. S. 359—386.
6.
Sigurd B.
Changes in Swedish address terms described by power-solidarity diagrams // Working papers 24, Linguistics-Phonetics,...
Models for countering the segregation of ethnoreligious immigrant areas in Denmark and Sweden
... by individuals with a Muslim background. Due to the recent European migrant crises, there has been a notable increase in the number of migrants, leading to stricter integration policies in the Scandinavian countries. Yet, governmental approaches to address the segregation of immigrant areas vary between Denmark and Sweden. Denmark has adopted a stringent immigration policy promoting cultural assimilation of immigrants from non-Western countries, whilst Sweden follows a liberal approach advocating ...
Priorities for the development of manufacturing industries in the Kaliningrad region
... Kaliningrad from the geopolitical rather than economic perspective, focusing on its socio-economic situation and relations with neighbours against the backdrop of the events of 2022 and 2023. Even scholars from remote countries such as the US and Australia address the region in their publications<6> [14].
An entire 2022 issue of the Finnish journal Baltic Rim Economies was dedicated to Kaliningrad, featuring publications from international and Russian authors, with Kaliningrad transit through Lithuania ...
Semantic transformation of the noun mamochka: from ‘wife’ to ‘cannon’
... comprising a total of 2,192 cases, was carefully collected and annotated. Out of these cases, 362 examples were identified as instances of secondary usage. Each example was analyzed and categorized based on its type of use, including appellative (address), referential, or interjective use. Furthermore, for the secondary instances, the type of the meaning was also marked for accurate classification and analysis. The study delineated the semantic structure of the word ‘mamochka’ based on its ...
Societal security in the Baltic Sea Region: the Russian perspective
... by expert and scholarly narratives on national and international security and includes views developed by different Russian IR schools.
Official discourse
Russia’s national security documents do not contain the societal security concept as such but address the related soft security problems. For example, the Law on Security of the Russian Federation (1992) defines the very notion of security, “Security is freedom from internal and external threats to the vital interests of the individual, society ...
Reputation core of Russian authorities: the case of the regional level of executive power
... the regional level, specifically focusing on regional executive bodies. In doing so, I will take into account socio-economic factors that contribute to the formation of reputation across the regions of the Russian Federation. The ultimate goal is to address a fundamental scientific problem — the development and substantiation of a methodology for studying the concept of the ‘reputation of Russia’s authorities’. This will make it possible to take an applied approach and determine ways of enhancing ...
Phraseological units as a means of information compression in the American election discourse
Phraseological units are perhaps one of the most visible manifestations of language manipulation. Although phraseology has always been regarded as a powerful source of influencing people’s minds, relatively little is known about the way one perceives and interprets a phraseological unit which has accumulated a great deal of knowledge and experience of many generations since it was first implemented. This paper attempts to classify the types of this information compression bringing the American...
Representation of the image of Kaliningrad in the names of guided city tours
The article offers a qualitative content analysis of the names of Kaliningrad city tours and identifies the main distinctive features of the image of the city represented in them. The name of the tour is a message sent by the tour operator to the addressee — the potential consumer of tourist services. This type of communication is not exclusively commercial; it has an indirect impact on the accomplishment of a broader range of socially significant goals, first and foremost, the formation of a positive...
History of the words starina and starik as terms of friendship in Russian
... starina emerged as terms of friendship in standard Russian language. These terms were often used by male characters in the prose of the Khrushchev Thaw — students, scientists, and engineers. It was initially assumed that these words had become forms of address at that time. Analysis of data from the Russian National Corpus shows that these terms of friendship date back earlier than that. Starik was used to address a male friend in the 19th century and starina in the 1920s—30s. Decades apart, the two ...
The Accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO: Geopolitical implications for Russia’s position in the Baltic Sea region
... Ukraine), and increase its reliance on nuclear deterrence and other military instruments in the region, as well as on hybrid methods of influencing a potential enemy [22].
The value of the two Nordic countries for the United States and NATO in their addressing ‘hybrid’ threats — the main source of which being Russia, as the West alleges in recent years — is confirmed by the fact that the European Centre of Excellence for Countering Hybrid Threats (Hybrid CoE) has been operating in Helsinki ...
Three Russian Baltic regions in the context of confrontation between Russia and the West
... geopolitical risks impacting economic development, particularly for the exclave Kaliningrad region. Researchers from the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, in collaboration with experts from other scientific centres in the country, conducted studies addressing the challenges of economic security in the regions along Russia’s western borderlands. [9], [10]. Special attention is given to the problems of the Baltic region, the relations of Russian subjects located on the Baltic Sea, and, in particular,...
Efficiency analysis of seaports in Russia’s Baltic basin: performance evaluation
This research presents a comprehensive analysis of the performance efficiency of Russia’s Baltic seaports, taking into account various economic indicators and addressing investment planning and management issues. Special attention is given to the sustainable development goals and objectives of the seaports, considering their significance in transport and logistics systems. The primary objective of this work ...
Literary scandal in cubo-futurism poetics and the communicative behaviour of recipients
The article deals with a ‘literary scandal’ as a mode and a script of communication within cubo-futurists poetic circles as far as the communication between poets and their addressees during a public performance is concerned. The latter is an essential component of the “literary everyday routine” of the poetic circles analysed. Not only does scandal betray an intention of insulting the recipient but also it is due to the scandal that the avant-garde author could find the addressee, become...
Linguistic and pragmatic potential of metaphors in political discourse
The linguistic and pragmatic analysis of expressive means in political texts is gaining popularityamong researchers. The study of the role of metaphor in enhancing the pragmatic effectiveness of political speech is relevant due to the fact that metaphor, being not only a way of expressing thought, but also being a thought itself, creates the necessary conditions for influencing the addressee's perception. This research is aimed at establishing linguistic and pragmatic means of achieving the planned...
Zur Subjekt-Redestruktur des axiologischen Diskurses von I. Kant
The major difference between Kant's axiological and cognitive discourse is that the former contains a greater number of persona pronouns that signify different speech roles of the author. This text is characterised by a more direct expression of the addressee factor, which explains the emergence of the speech acts that are absent in Kant's cognitive texts. Another substantial difference is the explicit imperative modality of this type of Kant's texts.
1. Арутюнова Н. Д. Язык и мир...
The functional determination of speech aspects of a document
This article examines speech aspects of a strategic planning document — the Development Concept — and identifies factors determining its specifics. The text of the Concept is analysed using the communicative-genre approach, often employed in recent research works. This approach produces an integrated picture that takes into account parameters affected by both linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The article describes speech representations of the key genre elements. These are the communicative...
The ‘Russian Poetic Speech — 2016’ Project as a Cultural Narrative of Modern Russian Poetry
This article presents a methodological description of the ‘Russian Poetic Speech — 2016’ narrative project aimed to identify, demonstrate, and study a cross-section of modern Russian poetry. The author addresses the foundations of the narrative project, its ideology, as well as its publication and promotion components. The article explores the mechanism for understanding and using the power of Russian poetry and addresses its ultimate goal — the creation ...
Problems of Studying Russian Hagiography
... author responds to the challenge of performing a comprehensive analysis of a hagiographic text, while preserving the unity of the content and the form. Considering hagiography as an ecclesiastical genre and a form of the Sacred Tradition, the author addresses the analysis methodology and proposes to combine the principles of hagiology and literary and philological research on hagiographic texts. The primary focus is on understanding the category of hagiographic topoi, which is linked to the concept ...
‘Genuine criticism’: An unknown reception of Kant’s philosophy in early works of Schopenhauer
... polemic and Kant’s works on the development of Schopenhauer’s philosophy is stressed. The author investigates Schopenhauer’s reception of the above aspects of Kant’s philosophy in 1811—1813 and its later evolution. For this purpose, the author addresses Schopenhauer’s manuscripts (early philosophical aphorisms and comments and marginal notes on Kant’s works, etc.), as well as the first edition of Schopenhauer’s doctoral dissertation On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient ...
Analysis of frequency of usage of instructions and address modes in software for intel architecture
The frequency of usage of different instructions and address modes in software for Intel architecture is examined.
1.
Юров В. И.
Assembler
: учебник для вузов. СПб., 2003.
2.
Гук М.
Процессоры
Intel
: от 8086 до
Pentium
II
. СПб., 1998.
Kopytov G. ...
On the historical context of innovative development in Russia
... present themselves as conservative. The author also mentions significant problems arising during the modernisation of Russian society; these problems are rooted in both objective conditions of the on-going process and subjective factors. The article addresses the emergence and development of the modernisation idea in Russia. The relevance of this work lies in theidentification of the features of the transition of Russian society into a new phase, which reflects the trends of global innovative processes....
On the author’s speech structure of Kant’s axiological discourse
The major difference between Kant's axiological and cognitive discourse is that the former contains a greater number of personal pronouns that signify different speech roles of the author. This text is characterised by a more direct expression of the addressee factor, which explains the emergence of the speech acts that are absent in Kant's cognitive texts. Another substantial difference is the explicit imperative modality of this type of Kant's texts.
1. Kant I. Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der...
Sanctions risks and regional development: Russian case
... economy or community is exposed to threats. For instance, severing trade ties in a region with no such connections would not result in negative consequences; hence, the risk value for this region would be zero. In the subsequent stage, which was not addressed in the study, an assessment of the region’s vulnerability to risks should be conducted. This involves evaluating the region’s capacity to withstand and adapt to risks [31].
Based on a review of the literature on sanctions [5], [7], [10],...
Confiscation Estonian style: legal and political aspects of potential seizure of Russian assets in EU countries
... private property raises a range of questions as to the protection of property and procedural rights [10].
Analysis of the entire package of draft legal acts leads to the conclusion that the confiscation of property in criminal proceedings is to be used to address political tasks related to the seizure of property and funds from Russian individuals and their redirection towards financing the military campaign in Ukraine. Yet, criminal law should never be used to achieve political goals under any circumstances ...
Geopolitical regionalisation of the Baltic area: the essence and historical dynamics
... emphasis on the Baltic region. An essential aspect of studying a region involves identifying and defining its spatial boundaries. Since determining the exact limits of the Baltic region remains problematic, this article examines various approaches to address this issue, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses, particularly in the context of geopolitical analysis. The concluding part of the article explores several centuries of the evolution of the Baltic Sea region, divided into historical geopolitical ...
Vladimir Bibikhin: the connoisseur of poetry and the poet
... allowed the poet to unveil the underside of the myth of the poet, revealing the role of conceptualizations in the development of creative individuality and the associated rhythm. A comprehensive examination of Bibikhin's expertise in verse and his poetry addresses several related questions: how late Soviet independent philosophy initially interpreted cultural creativity, not predetermined but aimed at the formation of universal social organization; how hermeneutic efforts were directed towards metacritique ...
Old Believers in the Northwestern krai of the Russian empire in the 19th — early 20th century: guides of the Russian idea or religious outcasts
The article examines the issue of the place of the Old Believer community in the Northwestern region of the Russian Empire during the process of Russification in the 19th to early 20th centuries. To achieve the research goal, the following tasks were addressed: a historical overview of the formation of the community in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was provided, a characterization of the existence of the Old Believer community in the region within the Russian Empire was given, circumstances of the ...
Problems of transliteration and translation of Kazakh geographical names
The article addresses the challenges associated with standardizing and unifying the spelling of toponyms in Kazakhstan. The authors conduct an analysis of the linguistic variability of toponyms, exploring methods for their transcription into Kazakh, Russian, ...
Analysis and translation of the Old English poem Instructions for Christians in the context of the Christian tradition
... views on poverty and wealth, sacrifices, acts of gift and exchange. Issues related to the deeds of the Old Testament prophets and the New Testament Apostle Paul are highlighted in the context of the analyzed material. The work provides a list of variant addresses to God which are used in the poem, which indicates a developed Christian tradition in the Old English period, and also notes the direct name of the devil, which is usually absent in the texts of this period.
Armstrong, K., 1997. Jerusalem: ...
Northern cities of Russia: geographical features and modern approaches to research
... analyzed, and they were grouped based on territorial features, natural-climatic conditions, and economic specialization. The issue of additional zoning or clustering of northern territories, taking into account the modern economic situation, was also addressed.
Maryakhin V.M., Chasovskii V.I.
Far North, Arctic, city, Arctic zone, North, economic specialization
24-39
10.5922/gikbfu-2023-3-2
Geography of the mobile internet in the border and interior regions of Russia
... emergence of a coherent field like information and network geography.
This study advances geographical concepts regarding the distribution of digital infrastructure and the socio-economic dynamics of internet utilization. The primary emphasis is on addressing regional imbalances within the digital landscape of Russia, particularly in connection with the development of mobile network infrastructure. The objective of this research is to offer a comparative evaluation of mobile internet accessibility ...
Initiative as a type of document
The article is dedicated to identifying factors that determine the documental specificity of an initiative. An initiative is characterized as a document aimed at engaging the addressee in solving a socially significant issue and convincing them of the necessity of societal changes.
The analysis of the text is conducted using a genre-based approach and the parameterization methodology based on the concept of a "genre model," allowing for a comprehensive description that takes into...
Pure and Impure Philosophy in Kant’s Metaphilosophy
... yet puzzling aspects of Kant’s philosophy, viz. the relationship between what Kant calls ‘pure’ philosophy vs. ‘applied’, ‘empirical’ or what we can broadly refer to as ‘impure’ philosophy. (As we shall see, in order to be able to address this third project, we shall also need to examine the other two projects in detail.) My plan is as follows. First, I discuss four main areas of pure vs. impure philosophy: (i) ‘pure logic’ vs. ‘applied logic’; (ii) ‘rational psychology’ ...
Modern trends in paradiplomacy: a case of Russian-Finnish regional cooperation
... initiative.<9>
The programme encouraged joint initiatives towards the solution of common challenges in cross-border areas and formulated the following strategic objectives:
1) promotion of economic and social development in bordering regions;
2) addressing common challenges in the environment, public health, safety, and security;
3) promotion of better conditions for persons, goods, and capital mobility.
The above-mentioned strategic objectives were reflected in thematic objectives in order to ...
The Swedish institute’s scholarship policy as a soft power instrument
... distinct forms. Firstly, for developing countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, it serves as a means of training specialists in natural sciences, engineering, and medicine. This showcases Sweden as a nation committed to aiding developing countries in addressing their social and economic challenges.
Secondly, for Russia, the Eastern Partnership countries, and Turkey, a different approach is taken. The emphasis here is on supporting scholarship recipients pursuing studies in social sciences and the ...
Socio-geographic approach to substantiating economic security boundaries of a border region
... more military and political importance for Russia’s national security. Thus, changing boundaries of the border regions’ economic security require theoretical understanding and development of measures to ensure it. A socio-geographical approach to addressing this issue allows factoring in the regions’ spatial characteristics, in particular, the influence of the border factor. Highlighting the specific functions of border regions that distinguish them from the internal territories of the country,...
Artificial Intelligence: a catalyst for entrepreneurship education in the Baltics
... aspect is increasingly gaining attention from universities, which collaborate closely with the business sector, governmental bodies, and regional agencies to provide diverse forms of support to aspiring business students. The final part of the article addresses issues that require more active and innovative participation of academia in activities enhancing the role of student youth in the economic development of their countries and regions.
Introduction
The aim of this article is to elucidate ...
Information and propaganda strategies in German non-state media discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic
... broadcasting of a particular standpoint.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the adoption of diverse persuasive technologies became imperative to protect and save lives. The media and various sources played a crucial role in disseminating pertinent information to address biopolitical challenges. As a result, the goals and objectives of both propaganda and education converged during this period. The educational efforts of the media and propaganda had a significant impact on the target audience, leading to the acceptance ...
A part outside the whole? (To Anton Zimmerling's article “Really: syntactics without semiotics?”)
... (text) is often seen as a concealed branch of philology. Moreover, it remains unclear whether the distinction between language and speech pertains to linguistics or philology. This ambiguity extends to the status of linguistic pragmatics.
To address this issue constructively, it is useful to differentiate between five concepts encompassing language and speech: hermeneutics, philology, linguistics, semiotics, and pragmalinguistics. Each of these concepts delineates a specific ontology ...
Attribution of de re propositional attitudes as a means of persuasion
By de re propositional attitude ascription for rhetorical purposes, we will understand uttering a modal statement wherein the speaker deliberately uses a description of the attitude’s object which she knows to be unavailable to the attitude holder. As the existence of rhetorical de re is revealed, it gives rise to two questions that will be the primary concern of the present paper. (1) Using a rhetorical de re ascription, does the speaker utter something false in the model-theoretic sense? (2)...