The Baltic Region

2012 Issue №2(12)

Back to the list Download the article

The concept of guerrilla warfare in Lithuania in the 1920—1930s

DOI
10.5922/2079-8555-2012-2-4
Pages
32-43

Abstract

This article analyses the military and tactical training of the members of the Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union for guerrilla warfare in the interwar period. Small nations, such as Lithuania and other Baltic states, being unable to build up military strength in order to ensure national security, were forced to seek for unconventional methods of warfare, including guerrilla strategies. The study places emphasis on the development of the guerrilla war concept in the Union periodicals. The author retraces a change in the intensity of the guerrilla warfare concept propagation amongst Lithuanian population and riflemen, in particular, through publications in the Trimitas — a periodical of the Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union. The author also identifies the narratives associated with the guerrilla matters employed for propaganda purposes in order to create an image of a guerrilla as a defender of the Homeland — Lithuania. Additionally, the structure and numbers of the Union are analysed through a comparison with similar organisations of the other «small nations» of the Baltic North-East. The author addresses the issue of military missions planned by the Lithuanian Army, as well as the way riflemen implemented them. Since the Union did not only offer military training, but was also engaged in the patriotic propaganda, the article focuses on the network of cultural institutions, homes of riflemen, orchestras, libraries, choirs, and athletic clubs used by the Union. The article sets out to establish whether the loss of Lithuanian sovereignty could have been possible without giving rise to a protracted guerrilla war.

Reference

1. Jokubauskas, V. 2011, Issledovaniâ Baltijskogo regiona [Baltic Region Studies], no 2 (8), p. 27—49.
2. Kreveld, van M. 2008, Transformacija vojny [Transformation of War], Moscow.

3. Schmitt, C. 2006, Teorija partizana: Promezhutochnoe zamechanie po povodu ponjatija politicheskogo [Theory of Partisan: Intermediate remark about the notion of political], Moscow.
4. Adamonis, S. 1997, Partizanų karas (strategija ir taktika), Kaunas, Belovo leidykla.
5. Bulvičius, V. 1994, Karinis valstybės rengimas, Vilnius.
6. Ginklavimo turto stovio žinios 1940 07 01. LCVA, f. 3, ap. 1, b. 256, l. 11.
7. Jasevičius, A. et al. 2003, Lietuvos kariuomenės karininkai 1918—1953, T. 3, Vilnius.
8. Jokubauskas, V. 2011, Žvelgiant į ateitį: partizaninės kovos taktikos sklaida Lietuvoje ir jos įgyvendinimas 1944—1953 m. [Looking to the future: guerrilla tactics against the dissemination of Lithuania and its implementation in 1944—1953], Genocidas ir rezistencija, no 1 (29), p. 51—68.
9. Jurevičiūtė, A., Veilentienė, A. 1998, Lietuvos istorijos studijos, no 6, p. 62—71.
10. Kardas, 1924—1940.
11. Laurinavičius, Č., Motieka, E., Statkus, N. 2005, Baltijos valstybių geopolitikos bruožai XX amžiuje, Vilnius.
12. Lietuvos šaulių sąjunga valstybės ir visuomenės tarnyboje 1919—2004, 2005, Sud. V. Kavaliauskas, J. Širvinskas, S. Jegelevičius, Kaunas.
13. LŠS viršininko 1926 05 31 raportas Vyriausiojo štabo viršininkui, LCVA, f. 929, ap. 3, b. 560, l. 14.
14. Matusas, J. 1992, Šaulių Sąjungos istorija. Sud. A. Liekis, Vilnius.
15. Medelis, R. 1939, Tautos mokykla., no 9, p. 191.
16. Nurodymai šauliams priedangai panaudoti 1940 04 16, LCVA, f. 561, ap. 18, b. 187, l. 44—48.
17. Raštikis, S. 1990, Kovose dėl Lietuvos, T. 1, Vilnius.
18. Šauliams mobilizacijos ir operacijų metu panaudoti nurodymai 1939 04 05, LCVA, f. 929, ap. 3, b. 1028, l. 30—36.
19. Šauliams panaudoti direktyva ŠADIR, 1938 10 03, LCVA, f. 929, ap. 3, b. 1028, l. 12—21.
20. Trimitas, 1924—1940.
21. Vaičenonis, J. 2001, Darbai ir dienos, T. 21, p. 131—176.
22. Vaičenonis, J. 2002, Lietuvos šaulių sąjunga Valstybės gynyboje 1935—1940 m. In: Lietuvos šaulių sąjungos istorijos fragmentai. Red. J. Vaičenonis, S. Dovydaitis. Kaunas, p. 110—119.
23. Vaitiekūnas, S. 2006, Lietuvos gyventojai per du tūkstantmečius, Vilnius.
24. Vareikis, V. 2004, Pasienio incidentai. (Lietuvos šaulių partizaninė veikla) [Border incidents. (Lithuanian Riflemen's guerrilla activities)], Darbai ir dienos, T. 40, p. 109—128.
25. Žinios apie šaulius ir apginklavimą, 1934 m, LCVA, f. 929, ap. 5, b. 408, l. 1.