Preface
Common geographical problems
The role of endogenous factor in increase of ocean level for the last 140 years
Abstract
The article examines the structure and dynamics of the World Ocean level during the past 140 years. The role of endogenous factor
in constant increase of water supply and subsequent rise of the sea level is defined as dominating. Two principle cycles in the sea level fluctuations were distinguished: a high-amplitude short-term cycle (2—3 years) and a low-amplitude long-term one (40—50 years). The concurrency of two events is traced: short-term cycles and major earthquakes in oceanic regions. It was shown that it is possible to estimate the area and amplitude of the seafloor submergence in the epicenter in relation to changes in water volume. Short-term cycles of sea level fluctuations usually coincide with changes in surface layer temperatures in middle latitudes, which could be regarded as a precursor of anomalous climatic conditions in the Northern hemisphere.
Principles and structure of ecological and geographical Atlas of a national park (on the example of the national park «Curonian Spit»)
AbstractThe possibility of creation of Atlas for specially protected area of nature is seen from a complex approach. The original structure and content of complex «Curonian Spit» National park are presented for the first time.
Economic globalization, production internationalization, creation of international production networks
AbstractThe article is devoted to economic globalization that is considered first of all as the process of formation and development of international production networks. The article shows the differences from the previous production internalization. The specific features of commodity chains and production networks forming in the process of globalization are provided.
Oceanography and hydrochemistry
Long-term forecast of water surface temperature in the southeastern part of the Pacific Ocean
AbstractThe article examines the results of use of the physical-statistical method for the forecast of seasonal trend of the sea surface temperature (SST) with the lead time of 8 months and results of statistical method of SST superlong-term forecast, lead time — 1 year. In the first case mean-squared prediction error of SST according to independent data makes 0,5 оС, in the second case — 0,2 оС, that is much less than the reasonable mistake and meets practical requirements.
Structural features of upwelling in South-East Baltic
Abstract
The article examines some features of the upwelling observed in the South-East Baltic in October 2005 which were investigated by
means of comparison of the field measurement data and numerical simulated data. The article explores the upwelling which took place after calm weather when thermohaline fields had parameters close to summer ones. Upwelling was produced by North-East wind with sped of about 15 m/s and duration of about 3 days. After the gale the alongshore belt of respectively cold water of width 8 km and placed apart the shore at 8 km had been formed in an area with depth of 25 m. The temperature in the upwelling core had dropped by 4 C. Changes in thermoholine structure due to the gale were simulated by 3D numerical model, based on the Princeton Ocean Model (POM). By means of numerical simulation it was conformed that features of upwelling space structure depend upon bottom topography in an area of observation, strength of wind velocity and its duration. The dependence of the
upwelling scenario on the Froude number was obtained.
The evaluation of thermal conductivity coefficient in vertical direction at mat coat f the Baltic Sea
Abstract
The article provides the example of an evaluation of thermal conductivity in vertical direction under the data of field observations in
the coastal waters of Sambia peninsula is considered. The calculation of volume absorption of solar radiation is made.
Shifts of adulterations as the result of seasonal horizontal convection under the shelf plate (numerical modeling)
AbstractThe article shows that the water dynamics induced by differential cooling in upper shelf area (down to 60 m depth) is significantly influenced by day/night variations which delays an establishing of a seasonal water-exchange in shallows. Convective exchange flows within the entire shelf region in seasonal circle requires 4—7 weeks to reach a quasisteady state. Formation of a linear portion on the horizontal temperature profile can be used as an indicator of the approaching of the flow to the steady state. Flushing time for the shelf zone under steady-state condition is 30 days and is only slightly influenced by the slope length.
The border of the open sea in accordance with hydro-chemical data in summer-autumn 2006
Abstract
As it is known [1], the variability of ocean’s natural objects is concentrated in relatively small boundary zones of transforming of
matter and energy. These active surfaces, where the leap in process’s features take place, are also known as barrier zones. These zones, which were thoroughly investigated for oceans and open seas, are not examined well enough for internal seas. More over, the very definition of the «barrier zones» which is close to the definition of «water mass» in classic hydrology doesn’t always indicate their existence at all. This paper presents an attempt of applying formal methods for zoning and of comparing the results with classic barrier zone definitions.
Regional geography and geoecology
Spatiotemporal features of the regional nature management basing upon toponymic data
Abstract
The article explores the application of toponymic data for the investigation of spatiotemporal features of regional nature management
The article provides some results obtained through the formant method (on the example of Altai).
Regional-geographic approach to «tourist-recreational cluster»
AbstractThe notion of «tourist-recreational cluster» is viewed as a new object of territorial organization of tourism adapted to modern conditions.The elements and features of tourist cluster, its structure, stages of establishment and ways of development are identified. The article also provides examples of the Kaliningrad region.
Distribution of heavy metals in the soils and vegetation in urban ecosystems of Kaliningrad region
AbstractSome peculiarities of heavy metals concentrations in the accumulating layer of the urban soils and leafs of Acer platanoides and Populus alba are presented. Dependence between physical and chemical features, geochemical structure of landscapes, concentration and distribution of heavy metals is established. Correlation between similar parameters and concentration of heavy metals in leaves is not found out.
The influence of center-periphery development on the alteration of CIS territorial structure of industry
AbstractThe article explores the aspects of interaction between centre and periphery at various levels. The article reveals some factors which cause these stages changing and corresponding spatial processes. The article also describes the features of the contemporary stage of structural changes of the Commonwealth of Independent State's industry.
Problems of Baltic region
The development of mutual external commerce of the Baltic Sea region countries as a sign of integration processes in the Baltic Sea Region
Abstract
The article continues the analysis of the social and economical development of the Baltic Sea region, conducted by Baltic Center for
Advanced Studies and Education (BaltCASE) in frames of the research project «Russia and EU: Past, Present, Future».
Transboundary spatial planning in the Baltic Sea Region
AbstractThe article explores the development of the transboundary spatial planningn as the key aspects of cross-border cooperation in the Baltic Sea region.
Euroregion as a factor of social and economic development of the region
AbstractThe article is devoted to the study of euroregional development hystory. It also explores the analysis of foreign countries experience in crossborder cooperation. Importance of Euroregions is identified. Euroregion «Baltic» and the Balic euroregional network.
Short messages
The conflicts of woodland management and the methods of these conflicts resolution in the Kaliningrad Region
AbstractThe article examines the conflict situations, caused by the anthropogenic transformation of forest landscapes in some areas of the Kaliningrad region. The ways of timber exploitation optimization, including the possibilities of the development of forest bee-keeping are examined.
The pollution of Susuja river (the South of Sakhalin) with phosphates
AbstractThe article explores the problem of organic compounds polluting natural watercurrents (on the example of Susuja waters phosphate pollution).
The evaluation of recreation activity on the Vistula spit
AbstractThe article presents the results of the analysis of intensity, saturation and direction of recreational streams on the Vistula spit. The basic kinds of recreational occupations and their influence on the natural complexes of the Vistula spit are considered. The article also provides the analysis of natural complex conditions changing with 1999 for 2007.
Conditions and perspectives of rural-urban partnership development in the Kaliningrad Region
AbstractThe article considers key conditions for implementation of urbanrural partnership in Russian regions as a means of a new approach to regional development problems solving.
Strategic planning of small towns development in the Kaliningrad region
AbstractThe article examines some geographical features of strategic planning of small cities in the Kaliningrad region. The article reveals institutional and secondary measures for perfection of strategy and improvements of investment attractiveness of small towns in the Kaliningrad region.
The evaluation of perspectives of labour supply in the Kaliningrad region
Abstract
Limited reproduction of labour supply in the Kaliningrad region, determined by demographic situation, causes the necessity to attract
more immigrants and requires innovative development of economics.
Kaliningrad’s avia hub and its role in passanger air transportation
Abstract
The air company «KD Avia» — the owner of Kaliningrad’s airport «Hrabrovo» has been functioning as HUB since 2007. The article
explores the specific features and perspectives of HUB.