2022 Issue №3

This paper is the second one in the series of three papers dealing the modeling of terminological fields. The present paper deals with the practical application of the author’s method for modeling terminological fields (developed in the previous paper) to a particular terminological system to prove its efficiency. The “Pelvis injuries” terminological field is picked as an object of modeling because both its lexical content and structure are poorly conceived in many subject-related textbooks. As the result of analysis of this terminological field, some of its characteristic features are revealed; they are taken into consideration during the process of modeling the field. The model of the “Pelvis injuries” terminological field is built in three stages because the field consists of three lexical-semantic groups of terms. All three stages of modeling are identical: according to the previously developed method, the first step gives the description of the lexical base of each lexico-semantic group using the thesaurus approach. The second step describes the structure of each lexico-semantic group with the help of elements ordering its lexical composition; these elements are distinguished on the basis of differential semes identified by applying the method of component analysis. The third step is a graphical representation of each lexico-semantic group in the form of a tree-like graph consisting of elements of two types — terms and units structuring them. As a result, we get three graphs representing each of the three lexical-semantic groups. After merging the three graphs in one, the model of the “Pelvis injuries” terminological field is built. Representing the field in such a way allows it to create its computer model for further evaluation of students’ professional knowledge.

This article is devoted to the description of lexical innovations in the lexical-semantic field “Social policy” in the Russian language of the recent period. The article examines a synchronous neogenic fragment of the field under study and presents a typology of innovations denoting newly appeared phenomena/concepts or the ones having an element of novelty in semantics and (or) structure. The innovations were selected from modern terminological dictionaries and journals of sociological and socio-political topics taking into account psycholinguistic, chronological, lexicographic and functional criteria. A significant part of the lexical innovations of the subsystem under study were found to be strong neologisms represented by borrowed lexemes and word-forming neologisms. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of phraseological combinations formed in the Russian context. Weak innovations in the vocabulary of social policy are represented primarily by semantic neologisms and verbal signs reoriented to the Russian linguistic reality. It is noted that a significant quantitative group of lexical innovations is formed by so-called thematic neologisms extracted from professional areas of human activity that were not previously associated with the social sphere. The mentioned innovations can be fixed in the language and acquire the status of common lexical units or are terminologized and developed according to the laws of the terminological system. The conclusion is made about the openness of the lexico-semantic subsystem of social management for new phenomena and at the same time about its tendency to remain traditional in word formation.

The article studies a fragment of the speech portrait of a modern Russian woman through the perception of a personal image. The role of personal names in women’s lives, the comprehension of naming, and the features of name functioning in verbal communication are indicated. The author analyzes the tendencies of changes in naming in various historical periods, as well as the reasons for such changes. The paper also studies the trends in the selection of names, identifies the criteria for a fashionable name and lists the popular names of the current time. The meaning of the name turns out to be significant to understanding the female linguistic personality.

The article considers specifications of word-concept borrowing in the discourse field “Environmental friendliness”. On the examples from German-language media the article describes the processes of new words’ access to the German language and the nature of their functioning in the media discourse 2019— 2022. The relevance of this study is to identify and describe, through contextual discourse analysis, new global concepts that function in a synthetic communication space with the view to exchanging information in the public space. The study aims to identify and describe some new concepts German borrowed from foreign cultures and to search the most significant linguistic associations in German-speaking media in order to identify the valuable of the new concepts.