Philology, pedagogy, and psychology

This article is devoted to the terminological analysis of F. de Saussure's 1872—1911 authentic texts. A component analysis makes it possible to identify the characteristics of formation of general linguistic terms. It is established that F. de Saussure's terminology (118 preterms) is based on existing lexical units of different systems. Tectological mechanisms transformed Saussure’s terminology into a linguistic terminological system consisting of 36 scientific terms.

Irony is considered as a means to express an author's implicit judgement in a literary text. The article describes the use of repetition as a syntactic and textual means to express irony in N. V. Gogol's works and their translations into German. A comparative analysis is carried out to estimate the equivalence of repetition translations in the target text.

This article considers the means to express appeal in public service announcements in the Russian, German, and English languages. Attention is paid to the characteristic features of appeal as a directive speech act. The comparative aspect of research makes it possible to identify both similarities and differences in using means of appeal in public service announcement discourse in Russian, German, and English.

Based on the materials of ten most-visited popular science groups on the VKontakte social network, this article considers key lexical means to express an author’s opinion. A typology of such means is introduced in the context of analysis. It is concluded that the lexical means used to express an author’s opinion influence the process of deformation and mutual integration of the functional styles of the Russian language.

This article is devoted to the means of presenting argumentation in literature focusing on judicial matters. In such texts, theses and relevant arguments are often in an implicit form, which emphasises the particularities of the functioning of judicial reasoning. In addition, the argumentative function, which is integrated into the discourse, is combined with the aesthetic function and thus it can serve as a means to create the literary image of a character.

This article examines the value system hierarchy of one of the novel’s central characters, who is often considered a ‘projection’ of the author’s personality. Oppositions emerging in the character’s mind (war/peace, lie/truth, earth/sky, greatness/worthlessness, glory/vanity), which are identified in the course of analysis, make it possible to track changes in the character’s worldview and its evolution along his way to harmony.

The author examines Evelyn Waugh's novel Decline and Fall from the imagological point of view. The author identifies and analyses ethnic stereotypes reflected in the images of members of ‘other’ peoples and races. The article stresses that the novel’s system of cultural images of ‘others’ should be analysed in connection with the heterostereotypes of English culture and the philosophic and historical categories of civilization and barbarism.

This article identifies the role of ekphrasis, based on its selected functions — the chronotop, didactic, metanarrative, and storyline ones. An analysis of short stories by J. Barnes, J. Fowles and A. S. Byatt carried out within such a framework makes it possible to speak of a connection between ekphrasis and various structural levels of a work and its contribution to the creation of literary meanings.

Through analysing the mechanisms of reception of modern Russian literature in Chinese literary criticism, the author shows that a Chinese reader has a predisposition to understand texts in the context of the urgent national problem of preserving traditions. This predisposition affects the interpretation and perception of new rustic prose, female prose, and postmodernist literature. The study’s methodological framework combines the principles of comparative literary studies, communication theory, and receptive aesthetics with certain ideas of M. M. Bakhtin. The works is based on research articles, monographs, and theses of Chinese authors, published in the 2000s.

This article addresses the transmission of critical thinking in modern conditions via the humanities. The author identifies the basic features of critical thinking and stresses its significance. The humanities — foremost, philosophy — are considered as a means to create elements of critical thinking.

Modern society is predetermined with the policy of multiculturalism, which has proved its failure lately. The renewed demands for intercultural mediators require а need to evolve from mere tolerance to empathy in the process of communication with members of other cultures. A significant indicator of a new understanding of tolerance and adaptation to new conditions is mediation rather than the indifferent ‘tolerant’ acceptance of inappropriate behaviour.

This article considers the main principles of ‘theory of mind’ as a cognitive theory explaining verbal and cognitive dysfunctions in children with autism spectrum disorder. The article presents some results of testing this theory through a psycholinguistic experiment that involved 16 students from special schools. It is concluded that, in the case of autistic children, it is more correct to speak of a deficiency, rather than a complete absence of a ‘theory of mind’.

This article deals with the development of students’ key competences through fulfilling professional tasks relating to the mathematical and statistical processing of psychological and pedagogical research data. The author describes the stages of progress in, and solutions to, the problem of studying anxiety levels in primary school students.

This article analyses trends in, and approaches to, research into problems associated with teaching migrant children at Russian multi-ethnic educational institutions. The author stresses the need to study emotional expression in non-native speakers and bilingual children and to develop their emotional intelligence. Interdisciplinary research should be aimed to study and develop a stable identification with the host country in migrant children and to create a feeling of psychological security to prevent involvement in terrorism.

This article analyses Russian and international theoretical approaches to interpreting breaches of conduct by police officers. The author stresses the need to verify empirically the relevance of classical postulates of organizational and social psychology for interpreting breach of conduct in a formalized organization in the contemporary socioeconomic and political context. From the standpoint of collective action theory, the article examines the role of individual characteristics of psychological climate as predictors of breaches of conduct.